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2020-09-11

At present, research on electronic skin at home and abroad is in the ascendant. For the sensor, an important electronic component of the robot skin, certain progress has been made in its principle and application research in China. The design method of electronic skin based on infrared sensor improves the robot's ability to perceive unknown environment so as to avoid obstacles in time.

In addition, the signal fusion problem of many sensors in the electronic skin is solved. Because PVDF piezoelectric film has the characteristics of high piezoelectricity, flexibility, ultra-thinness and light weight, and is very close to the characteristics of human skin, research on electronic skin sensors around this material is common at home and abroad.

Research on related issues of electronic skin abroad has also made considerable progress. Researchers in Japan have not only developed the theory of electronic skin, but also manufactured experimental products. To study the force perception of electronic skin, the possibility of realizing force sensing is discussed by establishing the relationship between force and sensor capacitance.

Although the basic principle of the electronic skin is not complicated, how to cover the robot with the electronic skin is quite challenging, because the electronic skin is to feel the external environment of the whole body of the robot and must be integrated. At the same time, as an exterior part, the electronic skin may be damaged by external factors. When the whole or part of the electronic skin is damaged, it needs to be replaced in time.

In response to this demand for electronic skin, the concept of electronic skin unit modules is proposed, and each unit module is connected through a serial bus, thereby realizing the unity of the integrity and scalability of the electronic skin. However, the use of wires inevitably increases the weight of the electronic skin, and the insulating rubber layer of the wires also restricts the flexibility of the electronic skin to a certain extent.

In this case, in-depth research has been conducted on the connecting conductor of the electronic skin, and a new technology in which a metal (gold) film is attached to a pre-stretched polyethylene terephthalate, commonly known as a polyester substrate, is proposed. Experiments show that this kind of metal film can still conduct electricity under a tensile deformation that is twice as large (that is, the strain reaches 100%).

At present, most researches on electronic skin sensors focus on the sensing of single external information (such as force). However, as an electronic skin, the sensing of multiple external information is very important, that is, it can sense external stimuli such as force, temperature, and humidity at the same time. To achieve this goal, at least three technological breakthroughs are needed:

(1) Material selection: The realization of the sensor's sensing function depends to a certain extent on the functional characteristics of the sensor material, such as piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity or semiconductivity, so the research and application of functional materials affect the sensor technology development of.

(2) Processing of multiple sensitive signals: a complete (robot) electronic skin gathers a considerable number of sensory cells, each sensory cell has the function of responding to the external environment, in some cases each sensory The micro element also responds to multiple signals at the same time (such as simultaneous sensitivity and heat). When the signal volume is quite huge, how to process the signal and determine the countermeasures of the robot to external stimuli is an important topic.

(3) Optimization of mechanical properties of electronic skin: As an important application of flexible electronic technology, electronic skin must meet the realization of flexibility under the guarantee of strength; the lightest weight optimization design without damage is also an important content that needs to be considered.

In addition to robots, electronic skins can also be applied to artificial organs, such as artificial hearts used to treat heart diseases. Of course, this places more stringent requirements on the materials of electronic skins. In short, the electronic skin gives full play to the light weight and flexibility of the flexible electronic system, and has a wide range of application prospects.

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